What Is a VPN? A Complete Guide to Virtual Private Networks

Support 1 February 1, 2026 Games No Comments

A VPN client on the user’s computer or mobile device connects to a VPN gateway on the company’s network. This is particularly important for organizations and their corporate networks. You’ll also want to make sure your VPN is protecting your privacy and not leaking any of your data outside of the VPN tunnel, thus exposing it to your ISP and other entities that may be monitoring your online activity. The best VPNs for Netflix — and streaming in general — all allow you to access geo-restricted content without buffering. The irony here is that these are the countries where internet censorship and surveillance are most common.
During this process, the client and server exchange keys to establish an encrypted connection. When a user connects to a VPN server, the VPN client software on their device initiates a handshake with the server. VPN stands for Virtual Private Network – it is a technology which establishes a secure connection. The kill-switch is designed to prevent a device from sending or receiving data if the VPN becomes disconnected. For example, decide whether you’d like the VPN to run as soon as people start their devices.
You can use a mobile-focused VPN app to ensure greater data privacy, designed for your whole device. Anyone who accesses the internet from a computer, tablet or smartphone can benefit from using a VPN. Much of that data is confidential information that we need to keep safe from hackers and snoops, so VPN use is on the rise as people take steps to secure their digital lives.

Fast, Global Servers

They’re designed to disguise VPN traffic as regular HTTPS traffic. Not all VPNs offer split tunneling, but when they do, it gives users more control. It’s a simple way to reduce the risk of unauthorized access. While all VPNs use encryption, the strength and type can vary depending on the provider and protocol.

As well as encrypting your internet traffic, a VPN helps prevent others from finding your IP address by showing the IP address of the VPN server you’re using instead.
The server then forwards the traffic to the website which acknowledges the VPN server’s IP address rather than the user’s device IP address.
Many VPN providers support OpenVPN because it’s reliable and well-tested, though setup can be more complex than with newer protocols.
To begin with, your VPN client is authenticated with a VPN server, which then applies encryption protocols to all data, whether sent or received.
Boasting an impressive 16% average internet download speed loss in our 2025 benchmarking, Proton VPN remained snappy even on geographically distant servers.
In 1993, a team at AT&T Bell Labs and Columbia University created the first attempt at a VPN, called Software IP encryption protocol (swIPe).

How Secure Is a VPN & Should You Still Use One?

A VPN lets you stream services like Peacock (for NFL games), Max or Hulu from your home country while traveling abroad. Most VPN companies let you install an app on as many gadgets as you wish, but you’re sometimes limited on the number of simultaneous connections. Additionally, people with critical privacy needs should only consider a VPN if it’s based in a privacy-friendly jurisdiction that doesn’t have data retention laws that would compel the VPN company to log user data. All our top picks include a kill switch, which shuts your internet off in case your VPN unexpectedly disconnects. At a minimum, we recommend a VPN with 256-bit encryption (for OpenVPN and IKEv2 VPN protocols) or ChaCha20 (with WireGuard), a strict no-logging policy and DNS leak protection. The percentage of speed lost is intended as a general indicator of how much the VPN slows down your connection; lower numbers represent a faster overall connection.

ExpressVPN speeds

From online banking to communicating remotely with colleagues, we’re transferring more data on our computers and smartphones than ever before. In today’s hyperconnected world, online privacy and security are increasingly critical. By contrast, Proton VPN doesn’t limit your data consumption, but you can’t choose a server manually. Its free plan limits your monthly usage to 10GB, but you can pick from servers in 13 cities.

Verifying the New Location and Internet Speed

A VPN and a proxy are like two different masks you can put on when you’re online, and they both help you hide your real face (or, in this case, your real online identity).
A VPN creates a “tunnel” where you can send data securely using encryption and authentication tools.
The virtual private network encrypts all data sent between the user’s device and internal systems.
ExpressVPN has cutting-edge privacy and security features and is a recipient of a CNET Editor’s Choice award.
Surfshark allows for unlimited simultaneous connections, a benefit that many pricier competitors lack, including ExpressVPN and NordVPN.
This allows remote employees to access apps, files, and services as if they were on the corporate network.

Because the demographic location data comes from a server in another country, your actual location cannot be determined. With a VPN, hackers and cyber criminals can’t decipher this data. This means your Internet Service Provider (ISP) and other third parties cannot see which websites you visit or what data you send and receive online. A VPN hides your IP address by letting the network redirect it through a specially configured remote server run by a VPN host.
Sign up for our newsletter to receive the latest cyber security articles, events, and resources. This reflects a commitment to creating a resilient cyber security environment where every individual plays a crucial role in fortifying the digital defence mechanisms of your organisation. This is precisely where the significance of security awareness training comes into play. In today’s digital landscape, VPNs stand out as a practical tool for securing online activities. Encrypted tunnels can significantly enhance data protection, making them indispensable in a world where cyber threats are ever-present.

To fully understand the power and versatility of VPNs, it’s essential to delve into the various types of VPNs. A VPN offers many benefits that can enhance your online experience and safeguard your digital life. This server can be located in a different geographical location, like another city or country.

Which is your biggest concern about using the Internet?

Unlike personal VPNs, business VPNs prioritize controlled access, security, and performance for corporate environments. They’re scalable, customizable, and equipped with advanced security features like malware protection and DNS filtering. Consumer-grade VPNs are typically managed by the user and rely on shared servers.
Free VPNs provide a secure and encrypted tunnel for your internet traffic to pass through without requiring any financial commitment. VPN protocols are the backbone of secure and private online communication. It initiates a process of data encryption, converting the user’s data into an unreadable code routed through a VPN server located in a different geographic location. The VPN encrypts their data and routes it through a VPN server provided by the organisation, which acts as a gateway to the corporate network.
Organizations are now looking to simpler, more integrated solutions that combine access and security in a single product. These improvements addressed growing concerns around online threats, data interception, and privacy. The connection acted as an extension of the corporate network, making it easier to share resources across locations.
A VPN encrypts internet traffic and routes it through a remote server, hiding the user’s IP address and securing data from unauthorized access. On personal devices, VPNs help protect data by encrypting internet traffic and masking the user’s IP address. A remote-access VPN uses public infrastructure like the internet to provide remote users secure access to their network. Because a VPN encrypts your connection, your browsing data is protected from your internet service provider (and any government entities that request your ISP data), and your network administrator in most cases. Other top VPNs typically are able to deliver access to a wide array of streaming services and on a larger selection of dedicated streaming devices. A VPN establishes a secure connection between you and the internet, acting as a protective shield against malicious hackers by anonymizing the online traffic and location of the user.
Your IP address is a unique number linked to your online activity, somewhat like a return address on a letter. Check if your email address, password, and other personal information has been exposed in a data breach. That goes for your Internet connection, too. Is your Internet connection up to speed? Compare top rated VPN service providers that meet your needs and budget.
This involves the user not being connected to the internet via his own ISP, but establishing a direct connection through his/her VPN provider. Site-to-site VPNs are also useful if you have two separate intranets between which you want to send files without users from one intranet explicitly accessing the other. A site-to-site VPN is useful if you have multiple locations in your company, each with its own local area network (LAN) connected to the WAN (Wide Area Network). In such cases, the use of a private device (PC, laptop, tablet, mobile phone) is often resorted to. However, people and companies also started demanding encryption software that could hide their browsing history on the internet. Contiguous to Singh-Pall developing PPTP, the internet was growing in popularity and the need for consumer-ready, sophisticated security systems emerged.
And as post-quantum security standards have evolved, ExpressVPN has kept pace with those changes by integrating ML-KEM to beef up its post-quantum protections. With OpenVPN on Windows, ExpressVPN implemented Data Channel Offload, which boosts speeds by handling data packets more efficiently. ExpressVPN cooked up inventive solutions on both Lightway and OpenVPN connection protocols on its latest Windows app. We measured an 18% average speed loss in our latest speed tests with ExpressVPN thanks to upgrades to its connection protocols, making Express the third-fastest VPN we tested this year. Contrast that with Surfshark, whose base VPN plan offers unlimited simultaneous connections, a fuller feature spars casino set (including extras like Alternative ID) and costs $48 for the first 15 months and renews at $79 annually thereafter.
Right now, you can get 61% off when you sign up for a two-year subscription, plus four free months on any of ExpressVPN’s three subscription tiers. Mullvad has a 14-day money-back guarantee, so you can give it a try before fully committing to see if it’s the right VPN for you. In our spring 2025 tests, we were able to access content only on Netflix and Max.